Youth Voting and Civic Engagement
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39.7% Voter turnout
38% National Rate
28% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.
54.8% Voter registration rate
62% National Rate
56% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, registered to vote in the election.
93,373
Votes cast
18,707,862 National Rate
1,219,677 State Rate
The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.
Vote choice, President
DEMOCRAT +19 National Rate
DEMOCRAT +19 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)
Vote choice, Senate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)
Vote choice, Governor
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)
YESI Ranking, Senate
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, President
51st/51 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Congressional District
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
42.1% Voter turnout
28.2% National Rate
26% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.
60.5% Voter registration rate
61.5% National Rate
60% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, registered to vote in the election.
99,044
Votes cast
9,529,509 National Rate
1,109,291 State Rate
The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.
Vote choice, President
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)
Vote choice, Senate
DEMOCRAT +42 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)
Vote choice, Governor
DEMOCRAT +27 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)
YESI Ranking, Senate
20th/32 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Governor
The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Congressional District
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
0% Voter turnout
50% National Rate
41.4% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.
0% Voter registration rate
Votes cast
1,787,248 State Rate
The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.
Vote choice, President
DEMOCRAT +17 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)
Vote choice, Senate
DEMOCRAT +14 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)
Vote choice, Governor
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)
YESI Ranking, Senate
17th/35 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, President
14th/50 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Congressional District
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
39.9% Voter turnout(2022)
23% National Rate
21.8% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.
0% Voter registration rate
82,452
Votes cast
9,945,144 National Rate
952,150 State Rate
The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.
Vote choice, President
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)
Vote choice, Senate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)
Vote choice, Governor
DEMOCRAT +29 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)
YESI Ranking, Senate
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, President
22nd/36 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Congressional District
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
0% Belong to a group
15.8% National Rate
13% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you belonged to any groups, organizations, or associations?"
0% Volunteering
19.1% National Rate
17.5% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you volunteered?" (On their own, at school, with an organization, etc.)
0% Make consumer choices for political reasons
13.1% National Rate
8.3% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you buy or boycott products or services based on the political values or business practices of that company?"
0% Work with neighbors to do something positive for community
11.9% National Rate
10% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you get together with other people from your neighborhood to do something positive for your neighborhood or the community?"
0% Do favors for a neighbor
35.8% National Rate
33.4% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you and your neighbors do favors for each other such as house sitting, watching each other’s children, lending tools, and other things to help each other?"
0% Discuss political/social issues with neighbors
18.2% National Rate
14.8% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with your neighbors?"
0% Discuss political/social issues with friends or family
65.1% National Rate
60.2% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with friends or family?"
0% In the past 12 months, how often did you have a conversation or spend time with your neighbors
53% National Rate
49.3% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you talk to (in person, on the phone, online) or spend time with people from a racial, ethnic or cultural background that is different than yours?"
0% Share views about news/politics on social media
26.1% National Rate
25.8% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you post your views about political, societal, or local issues on the internet or social media?"
0% Contact or visit public official to express opinion
4.4% National Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you contact or visit a public official – at any level of government – to express your opinion?"
Conditions that Shape Youth Engagement
114,246
Youth citizen population
30,339,089 National Rate
2,796,936 State Rate
The number of United States citizens between the ages of 18-24.
11.5% Youth/adult ratio
11.9% National Rate
13.1% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, in the overall adult (ages 18+) population.
49% Youth enrolled in college
42.3% National Rate
37.7% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who are enrolled in college.
65.3% Youth with college experience
55.1% National Rate
51.5% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who have at least some college experience.
9.9% Youth without high school diploma
12% National Rate
14% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who have not finished high school.
85,043
Median household income
69,021 National Rate
67,321 State Rate
Half of households have an annual income above this number and half of households have an annual income below this number.
0.48
Income disparity
0.48 National Rate
0.48 State Rate
A standardized score (z-score) for how wide-ranging incomes are in this location (GINI Index) in relation to the overall distribution across the country – above/positive or below/negative.
10.9% Child poverty rate
16.9% National Rate
18.8% State Rate
The percentage of children (ages 0-17) in households with an equivalized (adjusted for household size and composition) disposable income below the poverty threshold.
370/100k
Violent crime rate
369/100k National Rate
420/100k State Rate
The number of violent crimes reported for every 100,000 residents.
91.4% Broadband internet access
86.2% National Rate
86.2% State Rate
The percentage of the population with fixed and mobile high-speed internet.
15.2/10k
Nonprofits per capita
11.8/10k National Rate
8.3/10k State Rate
The number of nonprofits for every 10,000 residents.
2.3% Nonprofits serving youth
2.5% National Rate
2.9% State Rate
The percentage of nonprofits that provide services to youth.
9/10k
Rate of Associations
8/10k State Rate
The number of social associations for every 10,000 residents.
59.3
Youth residential stability
72.7 National Rate
73.9 State Rate
A standardized score (z-score) for this location in relation to the overall rates across the country of young people, ages 18-29, who have lived at the same address for the past 12 months. If positive, then above average, and if negative, then below average.
35/100
Residential racial segregation
47/100 National Rate
38/100 State Rate
For areas where communities of color make up more than 5% of the population, the Residential Racial Segregation Index from Robert Wood Johnson Foundation goes from 1 to 100. The higher the number, the more segregated a community.
Partisan lean
REPUBLICAN +5 State Rate
The partisan lean of the electorate in the past two presidential elections. For the district level, as reported by the Cook Political Report, and for the state level as calculated by CIRCLE based on the formula used by Cook Partisan Voting Index
Winning Presidential candidate
REPUBLICAN State Rate
The party of the candidate who won the largest share of the vote (among all ages) in the state.
Was the last Presidential election close?
NO State Rate
Was the vote difference between the winner and runner-up of the previous presidential election within 3 percentage points?
0/10 Facilitative Election Laws
1/10 State Rate
A score, from 1 to 10 that measures how strongly a state has implemented laws that facilitate registration and voting, such as pre-registration and automatic registration. Learn more about Facilitative Election Laws
Statute on high school voter registration?
Is there a state statute focused on facilitating the voter registration of high school students? Find more information about
your state's statute.
No data points were selected
39.7% Voter turnout
38% National Rate
28% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.
54.8% Voter registration rate
62% National Rate
56% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, registered to vote in the election.
93,373
Votes cast
18,707,862 National Rate
1,219,677 State Rate
The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.
Vote choice, President
DEMOCRAT +19 National Rate
DEMOCRAT +19 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)
Vote choice, Senate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)
Vote choice, Governor
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)
YESI Ranking, Senate
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, President
51st/51 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Congressional District
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
42.1% Voter turnout
28.2% National Rate
26% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.
60.5% Voter registration rate
61.5% National Rate
60% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, registered to vote in the election.
99,044
Votes cast
9,529,509 National Rate
1,109,291 State Rate
The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.
Vote choice, President
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)
Vote choice, Senate
DEMOCRAT +42 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)
Vote choice, Governor
DEMOCRAT +27 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)
YESI Ranking, Senate
20th/32 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Governor
The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Congressional District
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
0% Voter turnout
50% National Rate
41.4% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.
0% Voter registration rate
Votes cast
1,787,248 State Rate
The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.
Vote choice, President
DEMOCRAT +17 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)
Vote choice, Senate
DEMOCRAT +14 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)
Vote choice, Governor
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)
YESI Ranking, Senate
17th/35 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, President
14th/50 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Congressional District
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
39.9% Voter turnout(2022)
23% National Rate
21.8% State Rate
The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.
0% Voter registration rate
82,452
Votes cast
9,945,144 National Rate
952,150 State Rate
The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.
Vote choice, President
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)
Vote choice, Senate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)
Vote choice, Governor
DEMOCRAT +29 State Rate
The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)
YESI Ranking, Senate
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, President
22nd/36 State Rate
The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
YESI Ranking, Congressional District
The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.
0% Belong to a group
15.8% National Rate
13% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you belonged to any groups, organizations, or associations?"
0% Volunteering
19.1% National Rate
17.5% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you volunteered?" (On their own, at school, with an organization, etc.)
0% Make consumer choices for political reasons
13.1% National Rate
8.3% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you buy or boycott products or services based on the political values or business practices of that company?"
0% Work with neighbors to do something positive for community
11.9% National Rate
10% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you get together with other people from your neighborhood to do something positive for your neighborhood or the community?"
0% Do favors for a neighbor
35.8% National Rate
33.4% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you and your neighbors do favors for each other such as house sitting, watching each other’s children, lending tools, and other things to help each other?"
0% Discuss political/social issues with neighbors
18.2% National Rate
14.8% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with your neighbors?"
0% Discuss political/social issues with friends or family
65.1% National Rate
60.2% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with friends or family?"
0% In the past 12 months, how often did you have a conversation or spend time with your neighbors
53% National Rate
49.3% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you talk to (in person, on the phone, online) or spend time with people from a racial, ethnic or cultural background that is different than yours?"
0% Share views about news/politics on social media
26.1% National Rate
25.8% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you post your views about political, societal, or local issues on the internet or social media?"
0% Contact or visit public official to express opinion
4.4% National Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you contact or visit a public official – at any level of government – to express your opinion?"
No data points were selected
114,246
Youth citizen population
30,339,089 National Rate
2,796,936 State Rate
The number of United States citizens between the ages of 18-24.
11.5% Youth/adult ratio
11.9% National Rate
13.1% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, in the overall adult (ages 18+) population.
49% Youth enrolled in college
42.3% National Rate
37.7% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who are enrolled in college.
65.3% Youth with college experience
55.1% National Rate
51.5% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who have at least some college experience.
9.9% Youth without high school diploma
12% National Rate
14% State Rate
The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who have not finished high school.
85,043
Median household income
69,021 National Rate
67,321 State Rate
Half of households have an annual income above this number and half of households have an annual income below this number.
0.48
Income disparity
0.48 National Rate
0.48 State Rate
A standardized score (z-score) for how wide-ranging incomes are in this location (GINI Index) in relation to the overall distribution across the country – above/positive or below/negative.
10.9% Child poverty rate
16.9% National Rate
18.8% State Rate
The percentage of children (ages 0-17) in households with an equivalized (adjusted for household size and composition) disposable income below the poverty threshold.
370/100k
Violent crime rate
369/100k National Rate
420/100k State Rate
The number of violent crimes reported for every 100,000 residents.
91.4% Broadband internet access
86.2% National Rate
86.2% State Rate
The percentage of the population with fixed and mobile high-speed internet.
15.2/10k
Nonprofits per capita
11.8/10k National Rate
8.3/10k State Rate
The number of nonprofits for every 10,000 residents.
2.3% Nonprofits serving youth
2.5% National Rate
2.9% State Rate
The percentage of nonprofits that provide services to youth.
9/10k
Rate of Associations
8/10k State Rate
The number of social associations for every 10,000 residents.
59.3
Youth residential stability
72.7 National Rate
73.9 State Rate
A standardized score (z-score) for this location in relation to the overall rates across the country of young people, ages 18-29, who have lived at the same address for the past 12 months. If positive, then above average, and if negative, then below average.
35/100
Residential racial segregation
47/100 National Rate
38/100 State Rate
For areas where communities of color make up more than 5% of the population, the Residential Racial Segregation Index from Robert Wood Johnson Foundation goes from 1 to 100. The higher the number, the more segregated a community.
Partisan lean
REPUBLICAN +5 State Rate
The partisan lean of the electorate in the past two presidential elections. For the district level, as reported by the Cook Political Report, and for the state level as calculated by CIRCLE based on the formula used by Cook Partisan Voting Index
Winning Presidential candidate
REPUBLICAN State Rate
The party of the candidate who won the largest share of the vote (among all ages) in the state.
Was the last Presidential election close?
NO State Rate
Was the vote difference between the winner and runner-up of the previous presidential election within 3 percentage points?
0/10 Facilitative Election Laws
1/10 State Rate
A score, from 1 to 10 that measures how strongly a state has implemented laws that facilitate registration and voting, such as pre-registration and automatic registration. Learn more about Facilitative Election Laws
Statute on high school voter registration?
Is there a state statute focused on facilitating the voter registration of high school students? Find more information about
your state's statute.